Hooke's Law
This is the law that shows the
relationship between the extension (or elongation) of a spring and the force
that is applied to it.
It is applicable when the spring has not reached its elastic limit. Once
the elastic limit has been exceeded, the extension of the spring is no
longer directly proportional to the force
applied.
F = ke
where
F = force
applied
k = spring constant
e = extension of spring
If a graph of F
against x is plotted, the gradient of the linear line is k. The unit for
k is N/m or N/cm.
When 2 springs are
connected in parallel, the spring constant for the system (of 2 parallel
springs) is 2k. If 3 springs are fixed in parallel then the spring
constant of the system of springs is 3k, and so on.
When 2 springs are
connected in series, the spring constant of the system of springs is
k/2. With 3 springs, it is k/3 and so on.
The bigger the spring constant, the stiffer (the less elastic) is the
spring.
Hukum
Hooke
Hukum ini menunjukkan perhubungan
di antara pemanjangan spring dan daya yang dikenakan ke atas spring. Hukum
ini benar sekiranya had elastik spring belum dilampaui. Setelah had
elastik dilampaui, pemanjangan tidak lagi berkadar terus
dengan daya
yang dikenakan.
F = ke
di mana
F = daya yang dikenakan
k = pemalar spring
e = pemanjangan
Sekiranya graf F
melawan x diplotkan, kecerunan graf linear tersebut ialah k. Unit
bagi k ialah N/m or N/cm.
Apabila dua
spring dipasangkan secara selari, pemalar spring bagi sistem dua
spring menjadi 2k. Untuk sistem 3 spring selari, pemalar spring
ialah 3k, dan sebagainya.
Apabila spring
disambungkan secara bersiri, pemalar sistem spring ialah k/2. Bagi
sistem 3 spring bersiri, pemalar sistem spring ialah k/3, dan
sebagainya.
Semakin besar
pemalar spring, semakin kurang kekenyalan spring.
