Cations - List
+1 Charge:
| Name |
Symbol |
Commonly
found in: |
| Lithium |
Li+ |
Rechargeable
batteries (LiH) |
| Sodium |
Na+ |
Table
salt (NaCl) Caustic soda (NaOH) Baking soda (NaHCO3) Soap (Na-fatty acid) |
| Potassium |
K+ |
Caustic
potash (KOH) Sea salt (KCl) |
| Hydrogen
ion |
H+ | All
acids |
| Ammonium |
NH4+ | Most
fertilisers Cold packs (NH4NO3) Rocket fuel(NH4ClO4) Explosives(NH4NO3) |
| Copper
(I) |
Cu+ | Benedict's
test (brick-red precipitate) |
| Silver |
Ag+ | Photographic
film; photochromic glass (AgCl) White precipitate in chloride test (AgCl) |
| Name |
Symbol |
Commonly
found in: |
| Magnesium |
Mg2+ | Sea
salt (MgCl2) Milk of Magnesia (Mg(OH)2) |
| Calcium |
Ca2+ | Lime
water (Ca(OH)2) Chalk (CaCO3) Tofu, Tofufa (CaSO4) Plaster (CaSO4) |
| Barium |
Ba2+ | X-ray
imaging (Ba(OH)2) White precipitate in sulphate test (BaSO4) White paint (BaSO4) |
| Iron (II) |
Fe2+ | Rust
(Fe(OH)2) Fool's gold (FeS2) Brown ring test (FeSO4) Black paint, magnets (Fe3O4) |
| Copper
(II) |
Cu2+ | Electrolyte,
Benedict's reagent, laboratory reagent (CuSO4) Green paint (CuCO3) |
| Zinc |
Zn2+ | Galvanised steel
(ZnO) |
| Tin (II) |
Sn2+ | Tin electroplating -
electrolyte (SnCl2) |
| Lead (II) |
Pb2+ | Lead
glass (PbO) Discharged car batteries - electrolyte (PbSO4) Yellow paint (PbCrO4) |
| Name |
Symbol |
Commonly
found in: |
| Aluminium |
Al3+ | Sunscreen
(Al2O3) |
| Iron
(III) |
Fe3+ | Rust
(Fe2O3 . xH2O) Black paint, magnets (Fe3O4) |
| Nama |
Simbol |
Biasanya
dijumpai dalam: |
| Lithium |
Li+ |
Bateri
boleh dicaj semula (LiH) |
| Natrium |
Na+ |
Garam
(NaCl) Soda kaustik (NaOH) Soda penaik (NaHCO3) Sabun (Na-asid lemak) |
| Kalium |
K+ |
Potash
kaustik (KOH) Garam laut (KCl) |
| Ion
hidrogen |
H+ | Semua
asid |
| Ammonium |
NH4+ | Kebanyakan
baja |
| Kuprum
(I) |
Cu+ | Ujian
Benedict (mendakan merah bata) |
| Argentum |
Ag+ | Filem
fotografik; kaca fotokromik (AgCl) Mendakan putih dalam ujian klorida (AgCl) |
| Nama |
Simbol |
Biasanya
dijumpai dalam: |
| Magnesium |
Mg2+ | Garam
laut (MgCl2) Susu Magnesia (Mg(OH)2) |
| Kalsium |
Ca2+ | Air
kapur (Ca(OH)2) Kapur (CaCO3) Tofu, Tofufa (CaSO4) Plaster (CaSO4) |
| Barium |
Ba2+ | Gambaran
sinar-X (Ba(OH)2) Mendakan putih dalam ujian sulfat (BaSO4) Cat putih (BaSO4) Cat kuning (BaCrO4) |
| Ferum
(II) |
Fe2+ | Karat
(Fe(OH)2) Emas palsu (FeS2) Ujian cincin perang (FeSO4) Cat hitam, magnet (Fe3O4) |
| Kuprum
(II) |
Cu2+ | Elektrolit,
bahan uji Benedict, bahan uji bilik makmal biasa (CuSO4) Cat hijau (CuCO3) |
| Zinc |
Zn2+ | Besi
tergalvani (ZnO) |
| Stanum
(II) |
Sn2+ | Elektrolit
untuk elektropenyaduran stanum (SnCl2) |
| Plumbum
(II) |
Pb2+ | Kaca
plumbum (PbO) Bateri kereta ternyahcas - elektrolit (PbSO4) |
| Nama |
Simbol |
Biasanya
dijumpai dalam: |
| Aluminium |
Al3+ | Pelindung
suria (Al2O3) |
| Ferum
(III) |
Fe3+ | Karat
(Fe2O3 . xH2O) Cat hitam, magnet (Fe3O4) |
